Catbox Wishgarden
By Mimu Studio
Cactus and other plant's good to know.
Lenta
Scientific Name: Mammillaria lenta K.Brandegee
Synonyms: Chilita lenta, Escobariopsis lenta, Neomammillaria lenta
Origin and Habitat: Coahuila, Mexico
Altitude range: 900 - 1,800 metres above sea level
USDA Hardiness zone: 9a to 11b [ -6.7 °C to +10 °C ]
Size: Up to 1.2 in(3 cm) tall and 4 in(10 cm) diameter
Form: Large flat-topped mounds when aged.
Areoles: Naked
Radial spines: 30 - 40 dense fine soft close together, 3 - 7 cm long
Central spine: Absent
Flower: Unusual large, 2.5 x 2.5 cm.
Flowering: April/May, when placed in warm + hight light level
Growth rate: Very slow
Fertilizing: Feed with a high potassium fertilizer in summer.
Propagation: By direct sowing after last frost, or by cuttings or grafting.
Mammillaria in general
Family: Cactaceae Subfamily: Cactoideae
Tribe: Cacteae Subtribe: Cactinae
Genus: Mammillaria
It's one of the largest genera of family Cactaceae [200-300 species]. Most native in Mexico, and some come from southwestern US, Guatemala, Honduras, The Caribbian, Colombia and Venezuela.
"Mammillaria" derives from Latin "mammilla", meaning "nipple or teat".
The first species, Mammillaria mammillaris.
First was described as Cactus in 1753 > has it's own genus in 1812.
Stem: Globose or short cylindrical stem. Grows solidary or clumps.
Size: 1-20 cm in diameter and 1-40 cm in height
Tubercles: Conical, cylindrical, pyramidal or round
Spine: Few or many. Stiff, bristle-like or hair-like
Axil: Wool, bristle or both
Flower: Funnel-shaped, greenish > white > yellow > red, often darker mid-stripe
Flowering: Second year
Fruit: Club-shaped, usually red but can be green > white > yellow > magenta
Seed: Brown or black
Growing conditions
Level: Beginner
Light level: Intense light
Light hours: Atleast 4 hours of direct sunlight, but be carefull of direct summer sun
Soil: Good aeration. Good drainage.
Soil mix: 70-80% mineral grit
Temperation: Heat tolerant [21 - 27 °C]
Dormant: In winter [7 - 13 °C]
Pot size: WITH drainage holes, 10% wider than the plant
Watering: Water deeply in spring to fall. Suspend watering in winter.
Never: Let the pots sit in water. Let the soil dry out before watering.
Fertilizing: During grow season. Houseplant fertilizer higher phosphorus than nitrogen [5-10-5]. No feeding in winter
Repotting: Every 2-3 years. The soil must dry before repotting. Best time is late winter or early spring. No watering for a week after repotting.
Propagate: Remove offsets in spring and summer. Sow the seeds in late spring or summer. 1-2 weeks to germinate. 1 year to transplant.
Pests: Mealybugs and scales. 70% rubbling alcohol spray or dip.
Deseases: Bacterial or fungal deseases caused by overwatering.
Toxicity: Non-toxic to both human and pets
Laui
Scientific Name: Mammillaria laui D.R.Hunt
Synonyms: Escobariopsis laui
Origin and Habitat: Between Ciudad Victoria and Jaumave, Tamaulipas, Mexico (Northern America)
Altitude range: 800 to 1400 metres above sea level
USDA Hardiness zone: 10a to 11 [ -1.1 °C to +4.5 °C ]
Size: Up to 6 cm tall and 4 - 5 cm diameter
Form: It cluster to form large clumps 6 to 15 cm (or more) across
Radial spines: Up to 60, white or yellowish-white, hair-like, 6-9 mm long
Central spine: About 12, 7-10 mm long
Flower: Pink or carmine, 1.2 cm diameter x 1.5 cm long
Flowering: Spring, Bloom often even in young age
Growth rate: Relatively rapid growing
Light: Need as much light as possible without burning > heaviest spine formation
Fertilizing: Feed with a high potassium and phosphorous in growing season
Propagation: By direct sowing after last frost, or by cuttings or grafting.
nitrogen doesn’t help the development of succulent plants, making them too soft and full of water.
Camptotricha
Scientific Name: Mammillaria decipiens subs. camptotricha cv. Bru
Synonyms: Dolichothele campt..., Pseudomammillaria campt..., Chilita decipiens
Origin and Habitat: Nursery produced cultivar. Queretaro, Mexico
Altitude range: 1,700 - 2,000 metres above sea level
Hardiness: 5 °C up
Size: Up to 10 cm tall and 4 - 7 cm diameter Root: Very large root, tuberose
Form: Large, flattish clump of stems clustering from the lower part
Radial spines: Usually 4 - 5, 7 - 30 mm long, yellow-orange, cross-shaped
Central spine: Absent
Flower: 1.5 - 1.8 cm long and wide, white, delicately scented
Flowering: Summer. Resting in winter + strong light
Growth rate: Offset readily, dense clumps can be produced in a very few years
Light: Need medium sun exposure
Fertilizing: Feed with a high potassium fertilizer in summer
Propagation: Seed needs humidity and 14 °C, cutting in spring/summer at 20+ °C
Fred
Scientific Name: Mammillaria Bocasana cv. Fred
Synonyms: Mammillaria bocasana f. monstruosa
Origin and Habitat: Nursery produced cultivar, it was cut off and started on it's own
USDA Hardiness zone: 10a to 11b [ -1.1 °C to +10 °C ]
Size: Vary, according to time of year
Form: Massive clusteres. Some reverts back to original cactus shape.
Spines/hair: None/rarely
Flower: Whiteish
Flowering: Rarely
Growth rate: Up to 1.3 cm in winter, and twice that size in summer
Light: Hates the full sun in summer. Protect from frosts and freezes.
Propagation: "It can thrive for years, but tend to self destruct, especially when it really odd looking. As with most Freds, it began to die at the base (root rot is common); instead of giving up on it, you can cut it apart, let it heal and start many plants from that one... The best luck is with cuttings that are 3 cm or larger; smaller ones will root, but it takes much more effort to keep them alive."
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Candida
Scientific Name: Mammilloydia candida
Synonyms: Chilita candida, Chilita estanzuelensis, Neomammillaria candida
Origin and Habitat: Northeastern Mexico
Altitude range: 500 - 2,500 metres above sea level
Hardiness zone: -5 °C up. Size: Up to 30 cm tall and 6 - 12 cm diameter
Form: Crown distinctly depressed or flat
Spines: 50-80 in several series, up tp 19 mm long
Radial spines: 50-120 white spreading, up to 15 mm long, often shorter
Central spine: 6-12 pure white to pinkish white often tipped pink or brown, 5-10 mm
Flower: Rose pink or white with greenish red or creamy brown midveins, 2 - 3 cm
Flowering: Spring Growth rate: Slow-growing
Light: Tends to bronze in strong light, which encourages flowering and heavy wool and spine production
Fertilizing: Feed with a high potassium and phosphorous in growing season
Propagation: Clustering species that reproduces easily by cutting
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Plumosa
Scientific Name: Mammillaria plumosa F.A.C.Weber in Bois
Synonyms: Chilita plumosa, Ebnerella plumosa, Escobariopsis plumosa
Origin and Habitat: Coahuila and Nuevo León. Mexico
Altitude range: 730 to 1,350 metres above sea level
Size: Spherical, 4- 7 cm high and in diameter
Form: Low, dense mounds up to 40 cm wide
Radial spines: About 40 per areole 1 - 7 mm long, white, weak, interlacing, feathery
Central spine: Absent
Flower: Whitish yellow, up to 3-15 mm long (occasionally with pink midstrips), with a strong sweet scent
Light: Needs full sun or light shade in summer
Propagation: Seeds, offsets (Cuttings root quickly). It takes a couple of years to offset, but once it starts it can fill a 25cm pot in just a few years
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ALBICANS
Scientific Name: Mammillaria albicans (Britton & Rose) A.Berger
Synonyms: Bartschella albicans, Chilita albicans, Neomammillaria albicans
Origin and Habitat: Baja California Peninsula on the mainland and various islands (San Francisco, San José, San Diego and Santa Cruz islands), Mexico
Altitude range: 10 to 200 metres above sea level
Size: 10-20 cm tall, 3-6 cm in diameter branching basally
Form: clumps of 5-15 branches
Radial spines: 14-18(-21) white, pinkish, nearly black at tips 5 - 8 mm long
Central spine: 3-4 (-8) sometimes hooked), white pinkish, brown tips, 8-10 mm
Flower: white to pale pink, with pinkish mid-veins, up to 20 mm in diameter
Light: Strong light is required for flowering.
Propagation: Some plants will offset readily, and clumps can be produced in a very few years. Direct sow after last frost, or use cuttings.
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Baumii
Scientific Name: Mammillaria baumii Boed
Synonyms: Dolichothele baumii, Ebnerella baumii
Origin and Habitat: Mexico (Tamaulipas)
Altitude range: 700-1800 metres above sea level
Size: Subglobose to ovoid, 5 - 7 cm tall, 6-15 cm broad
Form: Clumps will be formed quite readily over a few years
Radial spines: 30-50, hair like, very thin, flexible, interlacing, white, to 15 mm long
Central spine: 5-11, 10-18 mm long thin, whitish yellow, held close to stem
Flower: Broad funnelform, strongly scented golden yellow , 2,5-3 (or more) cm in diameter. Stigmas green
Light: full morning sun, but requires afternoon shade or afternoon light shade
Propagation: Seeds or offsets that appear at the base; leave them attached to form a cluster, or wait until they are 1/3 the size of the parent and then detach and plant.
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Lasiacantha
Scientific Name: Mammillaria lasiacantha Engelm
Synonyms: Escobariopsis lasiacantha, Neomammillaria lasiacantha
Origin and Habitat: USA (Texas, New Mexico), Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Zacatecas)
Altitude range: 500-2100 metres above sea level
Form: usually unbranched or slowly clustering cactus, deep-seated in substrate and inconspicuous. Fully grown, this species is only about 2 to 3 cm tall
Spines: 40-80 per areole, equally thin, mostly appressed, white or very pale pink, innermost spines shortest; No central spines
Flower: 1-2,5 cm; white or cream, usually with sharply defined midstripes of green, yellow, tan, pink, pale purple, or reddish, blooming from January to March
Light: Outside full sun or afternoon shade
Propagation: remove gradually the glass cover as soon the plants will be well rooted (ca 1-2 weeks) and keep ventilated
Other lasiacantha
Mammillaria lasiacantha subs. egregia (Backeb. ex Rogoz. & Appenz.) D.R.Hunt
Mammillaria stella-de-tacubaya Heese
> Mammillaria chica Repp.
Mammillaria gasseriana Boed.
> Mammillaria viescensis Rogoz. & Appenz.
"There is a lot a confusion about Mammillaria stella-de-tacubaya and Mammillaria gasseriana (comprising Mammillaria chica and Mammillaria viescensis), if the plant has separated clusters of radial spines and a single strong hooked central it should be stella-de-tacubaya, and if the radial spines are fine and overlapping, and the central slender and long, then its proper name should be gasseriana."
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